Genre

Genre

Musical

With advances in moviemaking technology, particularly the introduction of “talkies,” the landscape of filmmaking shifted, and Black-cast movies grew in popularity. As Hollywood started producing sound films, entertainers and musicians like Duke Ellington, Cab Calloway, Louis Armstrong, and Lena Horne found work in big screen musicals. Some of their appearances were designed strictly as musical interludes that have little to do with the film’s narrative arc, making it easier to remove them if there were issues (primarily in the South) with censorship boards.

Drama

Black films have always taken the concerns of Black life as their subject. This tendency accelerated in the postwar period as studio monopolies began unraveling, opportunities for independent cinema productions increased, and more nuanced stories about racism and interracial relationships started to hit the screen. Black writers Lorraine Hansberry and James Baldwin were powerful voices during this period, using their pens to surface changing perspectives. Many Black actors such as Harry Belafonte, Ruby Dee, and Paul Robeson used their fame to promote civil rights causes on and off the screen.

Comedy

Black comedy’s many traditions–some incisive, some harmful–have been present since the beginning of Black film. Black vaudeville entertainers like Bert Williams offered brilliant satirical comedy onstage and played resourceful and independent characters in films. But other actors crafted long careers that relied on racist stereotypes that demeaned the very audiences for which they performed.

Photograph of Eddie Rochester Anderson

Eddie “Rochester” Anderson

1905 - 1977

Actor

Photograph of Pearl Bailey

Pearl Bailey

1918 - 1990

Actor, Singer

Photograph of Bill Bailey

Bill Bailey

1912 - 1978

Dancer

Photograph of Louise Beavers

Louise Beavers

1900 - 1962

Actor

Photograph of Harry Belafonte

Harry Belafonte

1927 - 2023

Actor, Singer

Photograph of Willie Best

William "Sleep ‘n’ Eat" Best

1913 - 1962

Actor

Photograph of Clarence Brooks

Clarence Brooks

1896 - 1969

Actor, Producer

Photograph of Harold and Fayard Nicholas

The Nicholas Brothers

Dancer, Actor

Photograph of Cab Calloway

Cab Calloway

1907 - 1994

Musician, Singer, Dancer, Actor

Photograph of Diahnn Carrol

Diahann Carroll

1935 - 2019

Actor, Singer

Photograph of Dorothy Dandridge

Dorothy Dandridge

1922 - 1965

Actor, Singer, Dancer

Photograph of Ossie Davis

Ossie Davis

1917 - 2005

Actor, Director

Photograph of Sammy Davis Jr

Sammy Davis Jr.

1925 - 1990

Singer, Actor, Producer

Photograph of Ruby Dee

Ruby Dee

1922 - 2014

Actor, Screenwriter

Photograph of Dona Drake

Dona Drake

1914 - 1989

Actor, Dancer, Singer

Photograph of Katherine Dunham

Katherine Dunham

1909 - 2006

Dancer

Photograph of James Edwards

James Edwards

1918 - 1970

Actor

Photograph of Duke Ellington

Edward Kennedy "Duke" Ellington

1899 - 1974

Musician, Actor, Composer

Photograph of Theresa Harris

Theresa Harris

1906 - 1985

Actor, Singer, Dancer

Photograph of Daniel Haynes

Daniel Haynes

1889 - 1954

Actor

Photograph of Lena Horne

Lena Horne

1917 - 2010

Actor, Singer, Dancer

Photograph of Olga James

Olga James

1929 - Present

Actor, Singer

Photograph of Noble Johnson

Noble Johnson

1881 - 1978

Actor, Producer

Photograph of Eartha Kitt

Eartha Kitt

1927 - 2008

Actor, Singer, Dancer

Photograph of Canada Lee

Canada Lee

1907 - 1952

Actor

Photograph of Abbey Lincoln

Abbey Lincoln

1930 - 2010

Singer, Actor, Director

Photograph of Sam McDaniel

Sam McDaniel

1886 - 1962

Actor

Photograph of Etta McDaniel

Etta McDaniel

1890 - 1946

Actor

Photograph of Hattie McDaniel

Hattie McDaniel

1893 - 1952

Actor, Singer

Nina Mae McKinney

1912 - 1967

Actor, Singer, Dancer

Photograph of Butterfly McQueen

Butterfly McQueen

1911 - 1995

Actor, Dancer

Photograph of Juanita Moore

Juanita Moore

1914 - 2014

Actor

Photograph of Mantan Moreland

Mantan Moreland

1902 - 1973

Actor

Photograph of Clarence Muse

Clarence Muse

1889 - 1979

Actor, Screenwriter, Director, Singer

Photograph of Maidie Norman

Maidie Norman

1912 - 1998

Actor

Photograph of Frederick O-Neal

Frederick O’Neal

1905 - 1992

Actor

Photograph of Stepin Fetchit

Lincoln “Stepin Fetchit” Perry

1902 - 1985

Actor

Photograph of Brock Peters

Brock Peters

1927 - 2005

Actor, Singer

Photograph of Sidney Poitier

Sidney Poitier

1927 - 2022

Actor, Director

Photograph of Oscar Polk

Oscar Polk

1899 - 1949

Actor

Photograph of Lillian Randolph

Lillian Randolph

1898 - 1980

Actor, Singer

Photograph of Paul Robeson

Paul Robeson

1898 - 1976

Actor, Singer

Photograph of Bill Bojangles Robinson

Bill “Bojangles” Robinson

1878 - 1949

Dancer, Singer, Actor

Photograph of Hazel Scott

Hazel Scott

1920 - 1981

Musician, Actor, Singer

Photograph of Hilda Simms

Hilda Simms

1918 - 1994

Actor

Photograph of Victoria Spivey

Victoria Spivey

1906 - 1976

Singer, Actor

Photograph of Madame Sul Te Wan

Madame Sul Te Wan

1873 - 1959

Actor

Photograph of Fredi Washington

Fredi Washington

1903 - 1994

Actor, Dancer

Photograph of Ethel Waters

Ethel Waters

1896 - 1977

Singer, Actor

Photograph of Ernest Whitman

Ernest Whitman

1893 - 1954

Actor

Photograph of Dooley Wilson

Arthur "Dooley" Wilson

1886 - 1953

Actor, Singer